Preferred operating conditions:
For processes requiring a large number of theoretical separation stages
From 1 mbar vacuum to atmospheric pressure
For columns with a low overall height
Batch and continuous columns
Pilot columns (scale-up capability)
Limited use:
For fouling media that form deposits
For non-wetting liquids. Applications:
Pharmaceutical products (vitamins, etc.)
Aromatic substances (menthol, geraniol, etc.)
Isomer separation